I carry no phone An aspiring Luddite In a wired world. Mastodon Verification Link	Jeff Berry is an early adopter of the Internet and the Web, a late adopter of Twitter, and declines to adopt Facebook. With the death of Google+, he migrated to the Fediverse. He admins a medievalist Mastodon instance. He hates cell-phones.

Bread, as they say, is the staff of life. It's certainly a lovely thing to have on hand, and it's also a pleasant thing to make. There are two basic recipes that I find myself using over and over, with a whole suite of variations.

There are a number of common caveats in most bread recipes. These include things like: you may need to adjust the amount of flour or liquid a bit, since the local humidity and moisture variation in different flours will have an effect; rise time will vary depending on your yeast, local temperature and humidity; and, in general, bear in mind this is not an exact science ...

If you are just starting bread-making, I highly encourage you to keep track of exactly what variations you do make and what your process is, so that when you do zero in on what you like, it's easier to repeat it. I've got pages of scribbled notes which have been redacted to the simple recipes below.

Basic Yeast Bread

• 2 1/2 cups flour (see note)
• 1 cup water
• 1 Tbl dry yeast
• 1 Tbl salt

Cover the dough and leave it to rise. Canonically, one lets it rise until doubled in size. I usually find one and half times is more like it. Preheat the oven to 375F. Lightly grease a loaf pan. Punch the dough down and knead it for a minute or two, then roughly shape it into a rectangle the size of your loaf pan and put it in the pan. Bake for 30 minutes, then turn it out to cool.

Notes:

Flour

I usually use a cup of all purpose flour, a half-cup of rye flour and a cup of what my supplier calls "brown flour," which isn't quite white and isn't quite whole wheat. You can mix in other flours, if you want, but keep at least one cup of all purpose or the loaf won't rise much at all. Be warned, using rye flour changes the texture and stickiness of the dough quite a bit.

Shape

If you don't want a loaf, you can just shape the dough into a slightly flattened ball and put in on a baking sheet instead of using a loaf pan.

Liquid

If it isn't Lent, I use whey instead of water, since I've usually got the whey around from cheesemaking.

• 1/4 cup sourdough starter (see note)
• 3/4 cup water
• 2 1/2 cups flour
• 1 Tbl sugar
• a good pinch of salt

Mix the starter, water, sugar and salt. Add the flour and knead. I usually don't punch down the sourdough, so I either put it straight onto a baking sheet or baking mat to rise, or in a lightly greased loaf pan if I'm making a shaped loaf. Naturally, I shape in appropriately first. Cover the dough and let it rise for a long time. Eight hours at least, sixteen isn't too many, and I often let mine go for twenty-four. As mentioned in the caveats, experiment and bit and fine what works for you.

Bake at 375 for thirty minutes.

Notes:

Sourdough starter

To make your own, mix equal parts of flour and water (I use 1/2 cup of each) and leave it out on the counter. Check on it every now and then for a couple of days, with luck it'll start to bubble some and smell kind of sour. Pour out half of it and top it off with equal parts of flour and water again. Repeat for a week or two, then start to use it for bread-making. After you use some in a recipe, top if off again with flour and water, pouring out some as needed. If you don't use it for a few days, dump out a bit and add some more flour and water. You could try keeping it in the fridge if you aren't going to use it for a while, but I don't.

Moist baking

You can also stick a pan of hot or boiling water in the oven with the bread, which will do interesting things to the crust ...